The oldest written basic law of the western world, the Old Testament, as summarized in the Ten Commandments of God revealed to Moses on the Mount Sinai is depicted in the first panel.

In the foregoing Moses, after a painting by El Greco, predominates the panel as the representative of the Old Testament prophets. The Decalogue in the arms of Moses emphasizes the first and second commandments, which are the key laws of spiritual and civil society. In the background is depicted the sacrifice of Abraham, the foundation of discipline under the law according to the Old Testament.